What is mainly provided by fats in a balanced diet?

Fats play a crucial role in a balanced diet primarily by serving as a significant source of energy storage. When consumed, fats are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol, which the body can utilize for energy. They provide more than double the amount of energy per gram compared to carbohydrates and proteins, making them an essential component for long-term energy needs.

In addition to energy, fats help in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (such as A, D, E, and K) and are important for various bodily functions, including hormone production and cellular structure. However, the primary function of fats concerning energy is their ability to store excess energy for later use, which is especially important during periods of calorie deficit.

The other options, such as vitamins, water absorption, and protein synthesis, do not accurately reflect the primary role that fats play in nutrition. While fats assist in vitamin absorption, they do not provide vitamins themselves. Water absorption is mostly facilitated by dietary fibers and water-rich foods, and protein synthesis is primarily driven by amino acids from proteins rather than fats. Hence, energy storage is the most relevant role of fats in a balanced diet.